Apparatus for applying depilating material on carcasses



o. BIEDERMANN ETAL 2,245,553

APPARATUS FOR APPLYING DEPILATING vMTERIAL 0N CARCASSES v Filed Jan. 19, 1959 4 SheetslSheet l WU/i ATTORNEY.

June 17, 1941.

June 17, 1941- o. BIEDERMANN E1- AL 2,245,553

APPARATUS FOR APPLYING DEPILATING MATERIAL 0N CARCASSES 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Jan. 19, 1939 M, NNN

/Mf' ATTORNEY.

June 17, 1941. o. BIEDERMANN ET A1. 2,245,553

APPARATUS FOR APPLYING DEPILATING MATERIAL ON CARCASSES Filed Jan. 19, 1939 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 June 17, 1941. o, BIEDERMANN ETAL 2,245,553

APPARATUS FOR APPLYING DEPILATING MATERIAL oN cARcAssEs A Filed Jan. 19, 1939 4 sheets-sheet 4 ATTORNEYI Patented `lune 17,1941 i *UNITEDSTATES PATENT OFFICE 'ArirAaA'rUs Fon APPLYING DEPmArmG MATERIAL oN cAncAssEs Oscar Biedermann and Frank J. Blick-Chicago, lll., assignorsto The Globe Company, Chicago, Ill., a corporation ot Illinois Application January 19,

7 Claims.

'Ihis invention relates to apparatus for applying depilating material on carcasses. In accordance with some of the present-day depilating apparatus and methods, the carcasses are dipped into a bath composed of a melted coating compound, such as rosin, pitch,.wax, paraiiin or other depilating materials, but, in accordance with such apparatus and method, the carcasses must be dipped into a tank containing the coating compound so as to submerge the carcasses. The dipping method has its disadvantages, particularly in that the depilating compound often fails to reach the skin of the carcass due to the matted hair thereon, and since, in the dipping method the depilating material must be held at very high temperature, the skin is sometimes overheated and for this reason is not acceptable to skin tanners.

Among the objects of the present invention is the provision of novel apparatus for applying a melted coating compound or other depilating material to the exterior of hog or other carcasses without dipping the same into a melted compound. Another object is the provision of means for applying the coating compound to the carcass in the form of a multiplicity of jets or thin, Wide streams or sheets of melted depilating material or compound so as to completely coat the skin and hair of the carcass. Another object is to provide an aparatus for applying depilating material directly to the skin of the carcasses, whereby the scuri as well as the hair maybe readily stripped from the carcasses. Another object is to provide an apparatus for applying depilating mafA terial to carcasses, either directly after the carcasses have been scalded and dehaired in a dehairing machine or directly after being scalded, whereby the dehairing machine may be omitted from the system.

In accordance with the present method, the depilating'material is forced through the matted hair on the carcasses and applied directly to the skin, consequently adhering to the scuri', whereby both scurf and hair may be removed fromv the carcass.

Another object is to provide apparatus having a treatment cabinet in which the treatment is carried on and provided with automatically opened doors for retarding air circulation through the cabinet, thereby retaining the heat in the depilating material. Another object is to provide means for supplying melted depilating material under pressure -to nozzles that project the depilating material -upon the carcass and having provision" for turning on the` supply of depilating 1939, Serial No. 251,860

material when the carcass is within range of the streams of the depilating material and for automatically shutting off the supply when the carcass has passed out of the range thereof.

The invention further consists in novel means for reclaiming the depilating material from the hair which has been removed from the carcasses `and for filtering the same, and also for reclaiming the hair.

Other objects and advantages will appear in the course of this specification and, with all of said objects and advantages in view, this invention consists in a novel apparatus for projecting a melted depilating material in the form of a multiplicity of sheets or thin, Wide streams upon a carcass passing through the zone of treatment. It further consists in a novel form `of nozzle .whereby the depilating material may be projected upon the carcass in the form of asheet or a thin, wide stream. It further consists in the several l novel features, construction, arrangement and combination of parts hereinafterv fully set forth and claimed.

One embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the drawings accompanying this invention, in which:

Fig. 1 is a view partly in side elevation and partly in vertical longitudinal section of carcass coating apparatus embodying a simple embodiment of the invention. v

, Fig. 2 is an end`elevationjo1 the treatment cabinet with a certain beam shown in cross-section, the section being taken on the line 2--2 of Fig. 1

Fig. 3 is a view partly in plan and partly in horizontal section taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is aview partly in plan and partly in horizontal section taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a vertical cross-section taken on the line 5,-5 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a view, partly in plan and partly in horizontaLsection, taken on the line 6-6 of Fig. 1, showing parts of a certain rail broken away.

Fig. 'l is a detail, enlarged view, partly in plan and partly in horizontal section, of one of the pairs of doors seen in Fig. 6 and showing one of the carcass-conveying trolleys at a position in which it has partially opened the doors.

Fig. 8 is similar to Fig.` 7 but showing the trolley in a position about to permit the doors to close.

Fig. 9 is a detail, vertical, longitudinal section through one of thenozzles employed. the line of section being indicated at 9-9 in Fig. 11.

Fig. 10 is an end elevation of said nozzles looking in the direction of the arrow I in Fig. 9.

Fig. 11 is a plan of the nozzle.

Fig. 12 is a diagrammatic view. partly in elevation and partly in vertical, longitudinal section, illustrating a certain supply valve actuating mechanism.

Fig. 13 isa diagrammatic view of certain solenoid circuits for operating the valve seen in Fig. l2.

Fig. 14 is an end elevation of certain compound reclaiming and supply tanks, the view being taken in the direction of the arrow I4 in Fig. 1.

Referring to said drawings, which are rather schematic and not intended as working drawings of the apparatus, the reference character I designates a rail supported from a beam l5 by hanger brackets Il. The beam is usually supported from the ceiling i8 of the room in which the apparatus is contained by rods I9. Trolleys 20 run upon the rail and support the gambrel sticks 2l lupon which the hog carcasses are suspended in the usual manner. A conveyor chain 22 having spaced trolley-engaging fingers 23 is propelled along the hangar brackets by suitable driving mechanism (not shown), and said :lingers serve to engage and propel the trolleys and the suspended carcasses along the raill I5 either in a continuous or intermittent manner. The parts above described are standard and well known and require no further description" so far as this specification is concerned.

At the treatment station is a treatment cabinet or housing 24, desirably supported by legs 25 on the floor 26 of the room, and also suspended from the beam i6 above by inverted U-shaped supporting members 21 which are carried by the beam I5 and also serve to reinforce the end walls of the treatment cabinet. The beam I6 and rail I5 extend through the upper end of the treatment cabinet, and the carcasses are propelled by the conveyor chain through the cabinet. Desirably, the cabinet comprises a treatment chamber 29 of generallyv cylindrical form having upright, oppositely disposed openings through which the carcasses enter and leave the chamber. AThe side walls 30 of the treatment chamber are composed of outer and inner spaced walls with thermotic insulating material contained in the spaces between the walls so as to retain much of the heat in the chamber. Extending up from the top of the side walls 30 is a domelike top 3l which extends to the beam I6 and is fastened thereto. Extending horizontally across the top of the treatment chamber is a false ceiling composed of two plates 32 which extend nearly to the median line of the chamber and have spaced downwardly turned flanges 33 between which the gambrel sticks pass. The purpose of the false ceiling is to prevent melted coating compound from being thrown upon the mechanism contained in the space in the dome above the false ceiling. A damper-controlled vent pipe 3 I* extends up from the top 3l and carries odors away from the cabinet.

At the bottom of the treatment chamber 23 is a hopper 34 from which leads a return chute 35 which conducts the coating material, that does not adhere to the carcasses, to a reclaiming tank 55.

Beyond the treatment chamber 23 are inlet and and exit passageways 38, 36, desirably comprising side walls 31 that extend from the sides of the inlet and exit openings of the treatment chamber and are arched at their upper ends and secured to the beam I6 as shown in Fig. 2. Bottom walls, 38, 33', are fastened to the lower ends of the side walls 31 and join with the hopper 34 of the treatment chamber. The U-shaped suspending members 21 are rivoted or otherwise secured to the outer edge portions of the side walls 31 and are carried/by the beam I5, as above set forth.

To prevent the melted coating compound from being thrown out through the open ends of the treatment cabinet, and for the purpose of retarding air circulation through the cabinet and retaining the heat in the depilating material, doors 33 are provided in the passageways 35, 35, which doors remain closedduring the treatment of a carcass. The doors are carried by suitable spring hinges 40 that hold the doors in closed position. Suitable stops 40x, fastened to the lower ends of the doors, are provided for stopping the doors at their closed position. The stops 4l)x are arranged to encounter low cross walls 38x that extend up from the bottom walls 38, 38'L (see Fig. 1. Desirabiy, the doors consist of double doors in each passageway hinged to the side walls thereof and capable of being swung open in the direction of travel of the conveyor chain and carcasses by the trolleys 20. The means shown for opening the doors comprises lever arms 4l, one secured to the upper end of each door and having an arcuate part 42, lying in the path of travel of the trolleys 20. Desirably, the arcuate edges of the lever arms extend slightly past the median line of the passageway so as to be encountered by the trolleys. As shown, the arcs of said edges are struck from points adj acent the meeting edges of the doors and extend to the hinged edges thereof. From an inspection of Fig. 'l it will be seen that a trolley 20 traveling in the direction of the arrow a in said figure encounters the lever arms and swings the doors open, and as the trolley passes beyond the lever arms, the latter are returned by the spring hinges to closed position. Fig. 8 shows the trolley 20 in a position about to leave the lever arms. From the above, it is apparent that the carcasses may pass the doors without contacting with them and that the doors may close automatically without striking the carcasses.

In order to obtain the most effective application of melted rosin or other coating compound to the carcasses, the compound should-be projected on the carcasses in the form of a multiplicity of jets or thin, wide streams or sheets and should be projected upon the carcasses at different angles, and in horizontal and in downwardly and upwardly oblique directions. As a preference, a plurality of nozzles 43 (see Figs. 9 to 11) are provided for directing the coating compound on the carcasses. The nozzles have lips 44 set at an angle to the neck or jet member 45 of the nozzle, whereby the jet issuing from the discharge port 45* is flattened or thinned by the lip and is projected somewhat in the form oi.' a fan shape. Desirably, the lip 44 curves outwardly from the 'neck- 45 and is given the form of a trough. The upper edges 45b of the lip are angularly disposed with respect to each other so as to give a somewhat fan shape or flaring form to the lip. The lips may be ilat but it is preferred to make them arcuate or troughlike in cross-section with curved end edges although we do not limit ourselves to this exact shape as other suitable shapes may be used so long as they guide and reduce the jet oi' melted coating compound into a thin flaring sheet or stream instead of breaking up the compound into a nne spray. It will be observed from an inspection of Fig. 9

compound'impinges upon the lip at an obtuse angle with respect thereto. This causes the jet to be thinned and spread along the lip as it flows along the same, being finally discharged in the form of a sheet or thin stream of a fan shape and also in the form of an arc in cross-section when a troughlike lip is used.

Preferably, upright supply pipes 48, 48, are disposed in the cabinet adjacent the arcuate walls thereof. to which pipes the nozzles 48 are attached and directed at suitable angles toward the interior of the chamber, whereby all-parts of the exterior of the carcass will be coated with the compound I while the carcass is passing through the cabinet.

directed towards the interior or middle portion v of the cabinet.

The lower ends of th'e supply pipes 45, 45e, are connected to pipes 41 by T fittings (see Figs. 4 and and their upper ends are closed by f1tltings 48 which are provided with posts 49 attached-to the walls of the chamber in order to properly locate and support the supply pipes. The pipes 41 are connected by pipes 50 to a supply control valve 5 I from which a pipe 52 leads to the discharge end of a pump 53 desirably of the centrifugal type of pump, the inlet end of which is connected by a 4pipe 54 to the supply tank 55. When a centrifugal pump is employed, a steam jacketed surge tank 58, connected to the pipe 52,- is employed to take up the pressure when the supply control valve 5I is suddenly closed. The tank 55, a reclaiming tank l88 and practicallyl all of the pipes mentioned are heated so as to maintain the depilatingfmaterial in a iiowing condition, and, as shown, steam pipes 51 are provided for this purpose, which pipes are contained in the tanks, and are connected to a suitable source of steam supply. The exposed pipes may be insulated to prevent heat loss.

Desirably, means are provided for projecting the melted coating compound only when'a carcass is passing through the treatment chamber, thereby avoiding the necessity of circulating unused compound which would otherwise be projected when no carcass was passing through the cabinet for treatment. One form of means has been illustrated for attaining this object. Said means comprises valve actuating mechanism for opening the control valve 5| when a carcass enters the treatment and closing the valve when the carcass leaves it,vand control means for the valve actuating mechanism responsive to the ac- Ation of the trolleys upon certain electric switches,

as will be 'presently described. It is to be understood that the control valve 5| may be manually controlled or actuated by other mechanism equivalent to that shown and described.

As shown, two electric switches 58, 59, are supported in the dome of the treatment chamber byl an upright plate 60 secured to and projecting down from the-beam I6. The switch lever 5I, 62

of the switches (see Fig. 6) lie in the path of the trolleys 28, whereby the contacts of the switches are closed by the trolleys when they encounter the levers. The switches are of the common and well known spring return lever type of electric switches.

Adjacent the supply control valve 5I is a pair common core Il which is provided with a grooved i l collar 88 (see Fig. 18) that engages with an oscillating arm 81 of a four way valve 5l (see Fig. 12)

, pipes 18, 1 I with the exhaust port88l of the valve.

Conveniently. the device 12 may comprise a. cylinder 13 with a piston 14 therein having a piston rod 15 that is connected to the valve arm 18 of the supply control valve 5I by a link 11. When pressure is admitted to the left hand of the cylinder 13, as viewed in Fig. 12, the piston is forced to the right, which is the position shown in Fig. .l with the control valve 5I open and the coating compound being pumped to the nozzles 43. It will be observed from an inspection of Fig. 6 that a trolley has passed and lactuated the switch lever 6I of switch 58 and has closed the circuit for the solenoid 83 thereby energizing said solenoid. The core of solenoid 63 has been moved towards the left, as indicated by the adjacent arrow, and has swung the arm of the four way valve to the left to bring the valve plug thereof into the position seen in Fig. 12, whereby the pressure is admitted to the left hand side of the cylinder 13. Before the trolley encounters the switch lever 52 of the switch 59, the contacts of the switch 58 automatically open, and when the trolley passes the switch lever of the switch 59, it closes the contacts thereof, whereby the solenoid 5'4 is energized, and the core thereof is moved to the right, as indicated by the adjacent arrow, and the plug of the valve 58 is turned to admit pressure to the right hand side of the cylinder 13, whereupon the piston is moved to the left, thereby swinging the arm 18 of the supply control valve 5I towards the left as viewed in Fig. 1, thereby shutting off the supply of coating compound to the nozzles. After the carcass has been coated with the coating compound, it is permitted to cool, either by exposure to the cool airin the room or it may be cooled by spraying it with cold water. The shroud, which is formed by the coating material and hair, when cooled, is pulled oif the carcass while the shroud is in a plastic condition.

` Beyond the exit passage 38* of the treatment cabinet is supported a U-shaped water spraying pipe 88 which leads from a water supply pipe 8I contrlled by a valve 82 and valve actuating mechanism 83 of common and well known form operated by the trolleys as they pass said mechanism. y

is the carcass reaches the valve actuating mechanism 8.3, the water spray is turned on and the carcass passes through the same where it is cooled and after passing said mechanism, the water spray is automatically turned oij. The water spray may be used when the temperature of the room is not low-enough to cool the coating material.

Below the water spray pipe and joining with the bottom 38a oi the exit passageway of the cabinet, is a hopper 84 from which leads a drain pipe 85 that may lead to a iloor drain or sewer pipe. The hopper 84 servesto catch water dripping from the carcass. Beyond the hopper 84 is a hopper of aligned solenoids 53, 64 (see Fig. 1) having a 75 86 from which leads aichute 81 that discharges into a reclaiming tank 88. l When the shroud is pulled off the carcass, the attendant deposits the shroud into the chute 81 which delivers it to the reclaiming tank.

The hoppers 84, 86 are reinforced along their upper edges by angle irons 89,'one end of which is carried by the structure of the treatment cabends of which are journaled in bearings carried by the tank. f The spiral conveyor is power driven land throws whereupon melted coating compound is pumped to and discharged from the nozzles 43 in the form of thin, wide streams orsheets, in various directions, upon the carcass contained in the treatment chamber. The position of the parts, just referred to, at this time is illustrated in Figs. 12 and 13. When the trolley encounters the switch lever of the switch 59, the circuit for lolenoidl 64 is established, the solenoid 64 is ergized and its core is moved toward the rightas indicated by the adjacent and, as shown, .is rotated by a suitable motor 92 and speed reducing gearing 93. A perforated false bottom 94 is contained in the reclaiming tank, through which coating compound, melted from the shrouds escapes and is separated from the hairs and other foreign matter too large to pass through the perforations of the false bottom. The melted compound flows along the bottom of the reclaiming tank and discharges through a spout 95 into the supply tank. The conveyor carries the shrouds during the melting stage along the false bottom towards the discharge end of the reclaiming tank and delivers the hair and other large foreign matter upon the inclined platform 96 located at the end of the tank, from whic they are raked out for a subsequent operatic Scurf, dirt and o her foreign matter discharged from the reclaiming tank into the supply tank are separated from the coating compound by suitable filtering mechanism which will now be described:

A mechanical lter 91 (see Fig. l), desirably of the disc type for filtering gasoline, oils and other liquid substances, is employed for filtering the unfiltered coating compound. A motor driven pump 98 having an inlet pipe 99 leading from the lower portion of the supply tank and a delivery pipe |00 leading to and from the filter is employed to force the unfiltered coating compound through the ilter and return the filtered compound to the supply tank. Upon the end of the delivery pipe |00 is a downturned spout |01 through which the filtered compound discharges into the supply tank.

In the operation of the apparatus, the trolleys, and therewith the gambrel Isticks and hog carcasses, are propelled in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 1. The doors of the treatment cabinet are closed and the supply of melted coating compound is shut o. When a trolley encounters and presses against the lever arms of the doors in the inletpassageway, it swings said doors open, permitting the carcass to pass the doors, and as' the 'trolley runs out of contact with said lever arms, the doors are automatically closed by the spring hinges. Continued movement of the trolley carries the carcass into the treatment chamber and when the trolley encounters and throws the switch lever of the switch 58, the circuit for the solenoid 63 isA closed. The solenoid is energized and the core thereof moved in the direction of the. adjacent arrows (Fig. 13) to operate the four way valve 68 so as to connect the left hand end ofv the cylinder 13 with the air pressure, whereupon the pi-ston in the cylinder is moved to the right, and through the link 11 and arm 16 the supply control valve 5l is opened,

arrow (Fig. 13) to reverse the valve 68, whereby to admit compressed air to the other side ofthe piston 14, which upon being forced to the left as viewed in Fig. 12, closes the supply control valve 5|, through the link 11 andarm 16 and shuts oif the supply of coating material. As the trolley is propelled onward, it encounters the lever arms of the doors in the exit passageway, opening said doors and permitting the carcass to be conveyed past the doors, which automatically close after the passage of the carcass as in the case of the other doors. The carcass ls then conveyed past the shower controlling valve mechanism, thereby opening the water valve, and cold streams of water are sprayed upon the carcass to cool it, after which the shroud is pulled off the carcass and deposited in the shroud chute 81.

Coating material which does not adhere to the hog carcass, is returned to reclaiming tank 55 through the chute 35. The shrouds fall upon the spiral conveyor in the reclaiming tank, where the coating compound is melted from the`hair and other foreign matter is separated therefrom; and the compound discharges into the supply tank 55, the hair and other foreign matter being conveyed by the spiral conveyor to the platform filter 91, where the compound is filtered and they filtered compound is thereafter discharged through the delivery pipe I 00 into the supply tank 55.

One of the advantages of the above described apparatus is that the depilating material can be applied to the carcasses at a much lower temperature by applying it in thin sheets than is practiced with the dipping or submerging methods now in use. This is due to the increased rate of heat transfer `between the hot depilating material and the relatively cold carcass, which is necessary for loosening the hair follicles to a point where they are readily removed at the time the partly congealed depilating material is removed.

In accordance with the present-day dipping methods, the depilating material must be held at such relatively high temperature for loosening hair follicles that the skin in some cases is not acceptable to tanners due to overheating of the same. 'I'he gross saving in using the lower temperature depilating material is apparent from the fact that less steam is required to heat the depilating'material. Furthermore, the skins of the carcasses are not injured by overheating or cooking, thereby making them acceptable to tanneries and gelatine manufacturers.

It is also to be observed that with the above described apparatus, the ordinary dehairing machine may be omitted from the system and that the hair and scurf may be successfully removed from the carcasses directly after they have been scalded. This is becausel the depilating material compounds ordinarily used in carcass depilating methods. Furthermore, the present apparatus may be employed for defeathering fowls and dehairing various kinds of animals. It is also to be observed that the method is carried on whilel the carcasses are carried by the usual iixed rail and propelled by the ordinary propelling methods.

We claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

v1. Apparatus for applying depilating material to carcasses comprising a treatment cabinet, a rail extending through the cabinet, carcass suspending trolleys, means to propel the trolleys through the cabinet, a multiplicity of depilating material projecting elements in the cabinet, supply pipes therefor, a pump and a pipe-line having branches connecting the pump with the supply pipes, a supply control valve in said pipeline, iiuid pressure operated valve mechanism, electro-magnetic means to control said valve actuating mechanism, and electric control means for said electro-magnetic means actuated by said trolleys, whereby depilating material is pumped to the depilating material projecting elements and projected on carcasses while traveling through the treatment cabinet.

2. Apparatus for applying depilating material to carcasses comprising a treatment cabinet, a rail Vextending through the cabinet, carcass suspending trolleys traveling on said rail, means to propel the trolleys through the cabinet, a multiplicity of depilating material projecting elements in the cabinet, supply pipes therefor, a pump .ind a pipe line having branches connecting the pump with the supply pipes, a supply control valve in said pipe line, fluid pressure operated valve actuating mechanism a valve for reversing the flow of pressure to said valve actuating mechanism, two yelectro-magnetic devices having a common core for actuating said valve and two electric switches in said cabinet actuated by said trolleys for successively closing circuits through said two electro-magnetic devices.

3. In an apparatus for applying depilating material to carcasses, a treatment station having melted coating compound projecting means therein, a shroud chute, a heated reclaiming tank into which the shroud chute discharges the shrouds which have been removed from the carcasses, and a conveyor in said reclaiming tank for conveying the shrouds toward a discharge end of the tank.

4. In an apparatus for applying depilating material to carcasses, comprising a treatment cabinet, having inlet and exit openings, a fixed rail extending through the cabinet and openings, carcass conveying trolleys traveling on said rail, spring actuated swinging doors closing said inlet and exit openings, and lever arms carried by said doors on the sides thereof toward which the trolleys are traveling, and having parts that extend forwards of the doors and that are arranged to be engaged by the trolleys in advance of their reaching the doors, whereby said trolleys swing said doors open in advance of the passage of the trolleys past them, and hold them open until the trolleys and therewith the carcasses, suspended thereby, pass said doors.

5. In an apparatus for applying depilating material to carcasses, a treatment station having melted coating, compound Y projecting means therein, a shroud chute, a heated reclaiming tank into which the shroud chute discharges shrouds which have been removed from the carcasses, and in which the compound is melted from the shrouds, a conveyor in the reclaiming tank for conveying the shrouds towards a discharge end of the reclaiming tank, and discharging the unmelted parts of the shrouds therefrom, and a heated supply tank into which the melted compound is discharged from the reclaiming tank.

6. Apparatus for applying depilating material to carcasses, comprising a treatment cabinet, a rail extending through said cabinet, carcass supporting trolleys traveling on said rail, means to propel the trolleys through the cabinet, material applying nozzles in the cabinet and supply pipes therefor, a pump and a pipe-line running from said A,pump to said supply pipes, a surge tank opening to said pipe line, and a valve in said pipe-line between the surge tank and supply pipes for turning on and shutting on the supply from the pump to the supply pipes.

7. Apparatus for applying depilating material to carcasses, comprislngatreatment cabinet,a rail extending through -said cabinet, carcass supporting trolleys traveling on said rail, means to propel the trolleys through the cabinet, material applying nozzles in the cabinet and supply pipes therefor, a pump and a pipe line running from said pump to said supply pipes, a surge tank opening to said pipe line, a valve in said .pipelinev between the surge tank and supply pipe and valve operating means controlled from electric switches located in the treatment cabinet and actuated by said trolleys.

OSCAR BIEDERMANN. FRANK J. BILEK. 

